A C-section, also called a cesarean section, is a surgical way to deliver a baby. Doctors make a cut through the mother’s abdomen and uterus to remove the baby. This procedure is often done when a vaginal birth is unsafe. It can happen before labor starts or during labor if problems occur.
Some C-sections are planned. For example, the baby might be in a breech position, meaning the head isn’t facing down. In other cases, the mother might have a medical condition like high blood pressure or diabetes. Sometimes, twins or more may need to be delivered by C-section.
An emergency C-section happens if the mother or baby is in danger during labor. This could occur if the baby’s heart rate drops or if labor isn’t progressing. In these cases, doctors move quickly to protect both the mother and baby.
The C-Section Procedure
The doctor begins by giving the mother anesthesia. Most often, it’s a spinal or epidural block. These types of anesthesia numb the lower body but keep the mother awake. Sometimes general anesthesia is used, which puts the mother to sleep.
The surgeon then makes an incision, usually a horizontal cut, just above the pubic area. The baby is delivered through this opening. The doctor will also deliver the placenta after the baby is born. The entire procedure usually takes about 45 minutes.
After the baby is born, doctors stitch the mother’s uterus and abdomen back together. Recovery from a C-section can take longer than recovery from a vaginal birth. Many mothers stay in the hospital for two to four days.
Doctors recommend resting and avoiding heavy lifting for several weeks after the surgery. Most mothers can return to normal activities within six weeks.
C-sections are common and generally safe. However, they do carry more risks than vaginal births. These risks include infection, blood clots, and longer recovery times. Always follow your doctor’s advice for proper recovery and care after a C-section.