Preeclampsia is a serious condition that occurs during pregnancy. It usually develops after the 20th week of gestation. The condition involves high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, often affecting the liver or kidneys. Women with preeclampsia may experience sudden swelling, usually in the face, hands, or feet. Some women also develop severe headaches or changes in vision.
Doctors often detect preeclampsia during routine prenatal checkups. High blood pressure (above 140/90 mmHg) can be an early sign. A urine test may show protein, which is another warning sign. Blood tests might indicate liver or kidney problems. This condition can affect the health of both the mother and baby. If left untreated, it may lead to serious complications, including eclampsia, which involves seizures.
Causes, Risks, and Treatment for Preeclampsia
Doctors don’t fully understand what causes it. However, issues with the placenta may play a role. Risk factors include being a first-time mother, having a family history of preeclampsia, or carrying multiples (twins, triplets). Conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or obesity also increase the risk.
Treatment often depends on the pregnancy’s stage. Delivery is the only cure, but timing matters. If the baby is full-term (37 weeks or more), doctors may recommend immediate delivery. If the baby is preterm, doctors may try to manage symptoms. This may include monitoring the mother’s blood pressure, using medications, or giving corticosteroids to help the baby’s lungs develop.
Preeclampsia requires close medical attention. Women should attend all prenatal appointments to monitor their health. Early detection and management can reduce complications. Mothers with preeclampsia should watch for warning signs, like severe swelling or shortness of breath. Seek medical help immediately if symptoms worsen.
Preeclampsia can seem overwhelming, but with the right care, many mothers and babies do well. After delivery, most symptoms resolve. However, women with preeclampsia may have a higher risk of heart disease later. Regular health checkups remain important even after pregnancy.